Smart Interior Monitoring Plug Austin Raynor CpE Anthony Perez CpE

Smart Interior Monitoring Plug Austin Raynor CpE Anthony Perez CpE Edin Durgutovic EE Jose-Valentin Sera-Josef EE

Introduction and Motivation The SIMP is meant to aid consumers in having both better insights into their power consumption habits and enabling them to have more control over them. “Did I leave my (common house appliance, hair dryers,lamps, phone charger) plugged in?” Similar products already exist on the market, but none come with smart assistants already built in, requiring an Alexa or google home.

Market Research GHome Smart Geeni Amazon TP-Link Sense S.I.M.P. 2x2x 1.1 inches; 1.6 ounces 1.7 x 2.75 x 4.5 inches 3.2 x 1.5 x 2.2 inches; 3.1 ounces 2.4 x 1.5 x 1.6 inches; 6.4 ounces 5.4 x 2.6 x 1.26 inches; 7.75 ounces 5x5x3 inches; 8 ounces (Estimate) Alexa & Google Home Scheduling Size/Weight AwayFrom-Home Controls SIMPY Easy Installation 7.99/1 39.9 9/2 24.99/1 17.99/1 299.99 N/A Price/ Quantity Examples of similar systems on the market and their features We used these examples as a benchmark for our system, trying to meet as many features as the preexisting systems as well as adding a new feature not yet on the market

Key Engineering Specifications: Dimensions The enclosure of the SIMP is to be no larger than 5 x 5 x 3 inches. Plug Style The SIMP should be compatible and operate via a standard NEMA 5-15R (120V 15A). Male Plug The SIMP will consist of no more than 1 standard NEMA 5-15P. Female Plug(s) The SIMP will consist of no more than 2 standard NEMA 5-15R. Data Reporting The SIMP will collect and report data via a 2.4GHz Wireless Network Connection every 15 seconds. Platform The SIMP UI will consist of a low cost web-based platform. Daily/Weekly Report The SIMP UI will summate Power Consumption Costs (either per kWh or per U.S. Dollar) per SIMP Device and report them to the end user in the form of a table/chart every 24 hours and every 7 days. Main Controls The SIMP UI will enable a user to control the power output within 10 seconds from the web interface. Dashboard “High-Priority” Warning The SIMP UI will contain a dashboard indicating pertinent information such as Device Schedules, Device State, and Activity Metrics. The SIMP UI will warn the user of any “high-priority” devices suddenly losing power or loss of power draw within 10 seconds of said power loss.

SIMP Hardware Research and Design

Theory Behind Hardware Design Device plugged into SIMP will draw a certain amount of voltage(X voltage) Our initial design had the SIMP MCU and sensors in parallel with a high value resistor in series with the load, which will be in parallel with a lower value resistor, allowing us to do voltage division and using the ratio between resistors to extrapolate the voltage across the load from the voltage detected by the SIMP We have since moved on from this methodology

Transformer & Ammeter We have decided to move on to using a transformer to rectify the AC current to DC and then using a voltage divider to step down the voltage to a level the microcontroller can read safely We will also be employing an ammeter to measure the current more precisely for an accurate reading

AC-DC Converter The microcontroller we have chosen to work with for this project cannot be powered by an AC input so we have to utilize an AC/DC converter to step down and rectify the power going into the microcontroller

Projected Hardware Enclosure As per our desired standards the S.I.M.P. will have a wired connection into the wall with all of it’s internals held in a single unit The unit will be 3D printed out of either PLA or other heat resistant filament LED indicators for power and timer notifications ON/OFF switch for manual shut off of power

Microcontroller Name Arduino Portenta X8 Arduino Nano 33 IoT Arduino MKR Wi-Fi 1010 Price 239.00 22.10 35.40 Dimensions (mm) 66 x 25 18 x 45 61.5 x25 Input Voltage(V) 5 5(USB-C) 4.5-21 5 Operating Voltage(V) 3.3 / 5 3.3 3.3 GPIO pins 7 26 26 RAM 2 GB 32 KB 32KB Flash Memory(GB) 16 GB 256 KB 256 KB Connectivity Bluetooth,WiFi Bluetooth,WiFi WiFi

Microcontroller Arduino Nano 33 IoT Operating Voltage: 3.3v Flash memory:256KB SRAM:32KB Length x Width(mm): 45 x 18 SAMD21 Cortex -M0 32-bit low power ARM MCU Compatible with several cloud based services (AWS,Firebase,Azure,Heroku)

Part Comparison of NEMA 5 Outlets Name Decora 15 Amp Residential Grade Self Grounding Duplex Outlet X Series 20 Amp 125-Volt Tamper Resistant USB A/A 4.8 Amp Duplex Decorator Outlet Back Wire Clamps Leviton 20 Amp Commercial Grade Duplex Outlet Dimensions 1.063” x 1.625” x 4.25” 4.06” x 1.73” x 1.73” 4.122” x 1.875” x 1.375” Socket Type NEMA 5-15R, 2P and 3W NEMA 5-20R, 2P and 3W NEMA 5-20R, 2P and 3W NEMA Rating 15A / 125V 20A / 125V 20A / 125V Grounding Self-Grounding Self-Grounding Self-Grounding Price 2.67 40.00 3.64

SIMP System Diagram AC/DC Converter Microcontrolle r Transformer House Power (120V AC; 60 Hz) Relay NEMA-1 Outlet (Standard Household American Outlet) Heroku Web Server Device Plugged In

PCB/EAGLE Circuit Design Steps: 1. Circuit Idea(s)/Part Selection 2. Schematic Design 3. PCB Design

Circuit Idea #1: AC/DC Converter

Circuit Idea #1: AC/DC Converter

Circuit Idea #2: Electrical Relay Module

Circuit Idea #3: Transformer/Voltage Sensor

Circuit Idea #4: Ammeter

Circuit Idea #5: Physical User Interface Message Being Delivered LED Color(s) Frequency “Initial Setup; Ready To Pair To Wi-Fi” Green 2 Hz ON/OFF “Setup Finished & Running” Green ON; No Frequency “10 Minutes Before SIMP Cuts Power To Device; Save Your Progress” Red/Green 1 Hz RED/GREEN “5 Minutes Before SIMP Cuts Power To Device; Save Your Progress” Red/Green 2 Hz RED/GREEN “1 Minute Before SIMP Cuts Power To Device; Save Your Progress” Red/Green 4 Hz RED/GREEN “Error Detected; Check Server Hub For Detailed Message” Red ON; No Frequency “Notification from SIMPY” Green Two 8-Hz Flashes Per Second

Full Overall Schematic:

PCB Prototype A:

Future Prototype Checklist: 1. A place on the PCB for Arduino Nano IoT using calculated placement of pin headers. 2. Slimmer and more compact design to reach peak space efficiency.

SIMP Software Design and Implementation

Software Design:

Web Stack: Web Stacks Components Programming Languages Framework Database LAMP Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP HTML, CSS, PHP Linux MySQL MERN MongoDB, Express.JS, React, Node.JS HTML, CSS, JavaScript React MongoDB MEAN MongoDB, Express.JS, AngularJS, Node.JS HTML, CSS, JavaScript AngularJS MongoDB

Web Hosting: Hosting Platforms Pros Cons AWS Provides a full application suite to manage every aspect of our project having everything seamlessly integrate. Cost of Implementation. Group members lack experience in AWS, creating challenges and time constraints moving forward. Digital Ocean Simple solution that provides full virtualization of operating systems to allow any web stack hosting. Requires maintenance of server from within the virtual machine giving more problems for us to deal with. Heroku A platform based solution that works with JS based stacks to host applications with plugins to allow for easy development and data analysis Due to it’s platform solution we can’t change hardware as freely, operating systems, and more customization if we wanted to have specific upgrades to improve performance.

Web UI:

Backend (APIs) APIs are functions built into our web server that act as connection between our SIMP and our web server, these APIs will help store our energy data, and control the SIMP remotely.

Database MongoDB Time Series Collections for efficient storage of our power usage over time data. Easy to understand Document style storage

Project Management Budgeting, Milestones and Division of Labor

Distribution of Tasks Edin: Schematic Design and PCB Design JV: Breadboard Testing and Diagnosing Austin: Back-End Anthony: Front-End

Budgeting (Theoretical/Actual): Theoretical Hardware Quantity Budgeted Cost Actual Hardware Quantity Actual Cost Project Processor 1 50 Arduino Nano 33 IoT 1 26.00 Relay Switch 1 20 Voltage Sensors 2 Voltmeter 1 20 Ammeter 1 20 Buttons 2 10 Resistors/Capacitors/Inductors 10 15 WiFi Module 1 20 NEMA 5-15 Plugs (Male) 1-2 5 NEMA 5-15 Plug (Female) 1 5 Printed Circuit Boards 5 30 12.77 Total Budget Current Sensors 2 Relay Module 1 5.86 PCB 39.5 31.99 2x20 Pin Headers 20 9.57 Transformer/Voltage Sensors 6 15.96 Rocker Switches 3 3.36 AC/DC 3 36.18 200 Total Budget 100

Milestones Milestones Dates Ordering Prototypes of Design to Test August 10th Initial Web Server Creating August 15th Testing and Fixing Design Flaws September 10th Redesigning Hardware and Software October 10th Finalizing Projects Software and Enclosing November 10th Practicing Presentation of Project November 30th Presenting Our Project December (Presentation Week)