Protecting forms & new models in the market INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS

Protecting forms & new models in the market INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS (updated 2006) Caroline Schwab - Program Officer Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Division World Intellectual Property Organization

INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS ARE IMPORTANT BRANDING TOOLS JUST AS TRADEMARK SHAPES AND DISTINGUISH A COMPANY’S CORPORATE IMAGE, GOODS AND SERVICES; AN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN SHAPES THE FORM OF NEW PRODUCTS TO DIFFERENTIATE IT FROM CURRENT PRODUCTS. COMPANIES REGULARLY LAUNCH NEW DESIGNS / NEW MODELS INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS AND TRADEMARKS ARE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (IP) TOOLS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO A BRANDING STRATEGY

“AN INDUSTRIAL DESIGN IS THE FORM OF A PRODUCT” Only the aesthetic/visual form of a product can be filed and protected as an INDUSTRIAL DESIGN not the Technical (Patents) nor Distinguishing Features (Trademarks)

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN (2D - Two dimension)

INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS CAN DESIGNATE NATIONAL CULTURE & FOLKLORE 2D GRAPHIC Designs

3D COMPUTER GRAPHIC DESIGN APPLYING FOR A PROTECTION OF NEW AND ORIGINAL DESIGNS ENABLE OWNERS TO PROPOSE A LICENSE TO CREATE NEW INCOMES AND/OR RECEIVE ROYALTIES THIS IS POSSIBLE ONLY ONCE THE FORMAL PROTECTION IS LEGALLY AGREED. A DESIGN IS ALSO AUTOMATICALLY PROTECTED BY THE COPYRIGHT SYSTEM

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN COMIC CHARACTER - GRAPHIC DESIGN

DISNEY DIGITAL 3D DESIGN” THE NEW CHICKEN STAR CHARACTER

Orchid Brooch, Tiffany & Co, New York, 1889, FRANCKMULLER MULLER FRANCK Bunny Bangle, Daniel Brush, 1988-1992

The Value of a Creative Design Makes a product attractive and appealing Target specific market segments Create a new market niche Strengthen brands Launch a new style of products and increase consumer’s demand

Industrial Design protection registration Exclusive right to prevent unauthorized copying or imitation by others Return on investment Business asset increasing commercial value of a company and its products Registered design may be licensed (or sold) Encourages fair competition and honest trade practices

Reasons for protecting designs in EU 70% prevent copying 23.4% company policy 20.3% get ahead competition 10.1% prestige 6.5% prevent people think “I copy” 5.8% other

Practical Aspects Protecting Industrial Designs Protecting Designs Abroad Enforcing Industrial Designs Other Legal Instruments for protecting Protecting designer’s rights

What to remember when seeking protection The design must be NEW The design must be ORIGINAL The design must have INDIVIDUAL CHARACTER The design can also be protected as copyright (not only as a Design)

Remember what cannot be protected Designs that fail to meet requirements of novelty, originality and/or individual character Designs dictated by technical function Designs with official symbols or emblems Designs contrary to public order or morality

Scope of Rights The right to prevent unauthorized copying or imitation by third parties. Legally exclude all others making, offering, importing, exporting or selling product with a specific design. However an infringement can be legally combated only if the owner has record his design(s) and received a formal certificate of protection.

Keep in Mind The time it takes to register a design The cost of registration Keeping design secret prior registration Grace period Who may apply for ID protection Who owns the right over ID

Protection at home and abroad The national route – each country where you seek protection but a long and expensive process The regional route (for some countries only) – countries members of a regional agreement: African Regional Industrial Property Office; Benelux Design Office; Office for Harmonization of the Internal Market of the EU; Organisation Africaine de la Propriété Intellectuelle The international route – Hague agreement - Administered by WIPO (42 countries)

Each country has an IP Office to enable any owner/enterprise to apply for protection of Industrial Designs. WIPO ADMINISTERS A TREATY NAMED « THE HAGUE AGREEMENT » WHICH OFFERS AT LOW PRICE COMPARED TO THE PRIVATE FILING SYSTEM, SERVICES OF SEARCH & PROTECTION IN 42 COUNTRIES. THIS TREATY OFFERS TO THE OWNERS, A POSSIBILITY TO FILE THEIR DESIGN(S) DIRECTLY AT WIPO.

The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs The Hague Agreement entered into force in 1925 It was revised at London in 1934 and at the Hague in 1960 (supplemented by the Additional Act of Monaco in 1961, the Complementary Act was adopted at Stockholm in 1967 and the Protocol of Geneva was adopted in 1975 and amended in 1979 and at Geneva in 1999 by the member states of the “HAGUE UNION”

Protecting ID through Registration The applicant has the choice: to file at WIPO via his IP Office or directly. WIPO offers free information & guidelines on-line: http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ip/paris/index.html - The Hague Agreement based on the Paris Convention http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/registration/hague/index.html - The hague agreement registration portal The IP Office receiving the request will proceed to the : – – – – formal examination (only by national IP office) substantive examination design register/design gazette design registration certificate valid at least 10 years

Using ID as a business asset Licensing – additional source of revenue – exploiting a company’s exclusivity over design – licensing contracts

Enforcing Industrial Designs Responsibility on owner of the ID to monitor, identify imitators/counterfeiters and decide on action Advice of IP lawyer “ Cease and desist” letter to infringer Search and seize order cooperation with customs authorities to prevent importation of infringing goods.

IP for Business Series

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