Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical and Chemical Properties

Properties of MatterWords to Know

Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space!

Mass A measure of how much matter is in an object.

Weight A measure of the force of gravity on an object.

Volume The amount of space that matter occupies.

Density The measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume. Mass/Volume I Density

States of Matter There are different “states” of matter. No, not like Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico. States of matter are also known as phases (a physical state of matter). Elements and compounds can move from one phase to another phase when special physical forces are present. Solid Liquid Gas

Freezing point The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.

Boiling point The boiling point of an element or compound means the temperature at which the liquid form of an element or compound is at equilibrium with the gaseous form. the boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius.

Melting point The temperatures at which the solid form of the element or compound is at equilibrium with the liquid form. Basically the range at which the solid changes its state The melting point of into a liquid. water is 0 degrees Celsius

Compound A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio. – Water and salt are 2 examples of compounds.

All substances have properties Including people! Example: People can be identified by their Face Voice Height Finger prints Teeth DNA (shape, expressions) Eye color Hair color

What are properties? Matter has observable and measurable qualities. We can use general properties to identify substances. Two basic types of properties of matter: Physical properties and Chemical properties:

Physical Properties Physical properties are used to identify, describe and classify matter. – Characteristic of a substance that can be observed (using your senses) without changing the substance into something else. Hardness Texture Color Odor Taste Temperature

More EXAMPLES - Physical size, shape, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, magnetism, viscosity, density, luster and many more. – Viscosity - The resistance of a liquid to flowing. – Examples: – Low viscosity-water, rubbing alcohol – High viscosity-honey

Chemical Properties Chemical properties are characteristics involved when a substance interacts with another substance to change its chemical make-up. Flammability Rusting Creating a Reactivity with new chemical water product Creating gas bubbles pH

Alike? Different? Draw a double bubble map in your notes to compare and contrast physical and chemical properties.