List The Steps In The Accounting Cycle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

List The Steps In The Accounting Cycle 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Analyze source documents & record business transactions in a journal Post journal entries to the ledger accounts Prepare a trial balance Gather adjustment data and record adjustments in the work sheet Complete the work sheet Create financial reports from data in work sheet Journalize and post the adjusting entries Journalize and post the closing entries Prepare the post-closing trial balance

Steps in the Accounting Process Journalize business transaction: – Use source document to record journal entry in general journal Decide on accounts that are affected Enter Date Don’t indent debit Indent credit Write description DR CR Post all journal entries to ledger accounts in general ledger – Transfer date – Transfer amount – Record both cross references Transfer all totals to trial balance

What Is a General Journal? The book in which a person enters the original record of a business transaction – Commonly referred to as a book of original entry Chronological listing of all the business transactions for the company – Each listing records the debits and credits associated with that business transaction A book or a location on a hard drive where all business transactions are listed – Like a diary

What’s in a Journal Entry? 1. Date 2. At least one debit entry – Debit account, use exact account title, do not indent titles 3. At least one credit entry – Credit account, use exact account title, indent titles 4. An explanation of the transaction: – Check number – Invoice number – Accounts receivable customer name – Many other elements – Remember: the accountant must leave a good audit trail so that users of accounting information can understand what occurred with each transaction DR CR

Example of Business Transaction Recorded in the General Journal Create a journal entry for each transaction.

Definitions: Ledger Account – Complete listing of business transactions for an individual account – Where you look if you want to find the balance of any given account General Ledger – A loose-leaf book or computer file containing all the Ledger Accounts Each account from the chart of accounts has its own ledger account in the general ledger Posting The process of transferring figures from the journal to the ledger accounts

Four-Step Posting Process 1. Transfer transaction date to account’s date column 2. Transfer the debit/credit amount and calculate the new balance 3. Write journal page number in posting reference column of ledger as a crossreference 4. Go back to journal and write account number in posting reference column of journal as a cross-reference – Cross-reference The ledger account number in the Post. Ref. column of the journal and the journal page number in the Post. Ref. column of the ledger account

Posting Transaction (a): Arch deposited 70,000 in bank account in name of business

Posting Transaction (a): Arch deposited 70,000 in bank account in name of business

Preparing a Trial Balance List the ledger account balances in two columns on the trial balance – Left column Debits – Right column Credits Trial balance proves DR CR