Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

Contact Information TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Email: [email protected] (PREFFERED) Office Hour: Wed from 2-3:30 pm & Fri from 11-12:30 pm Office: ECI Lab Harold Frank Hall Visit class web for all the handouts & project templates: http://www.ece.ucsb.edu/courses/ECE155/155B S12Mose r/

Grading There will be 6 projects in this course(70% of the grading): 1st project: 1 week 2nd project: 2 weeks 3rd project: 1 week 4th project: 1 weeks 5th project: 2 weeks 6th project: 1 week 15% from the class and discussion participation 15% from the term paper (professor Moser will discuss this toward the end of the quarter)

How projects are graded Do demo to me on the due date (which should be on Fridays) between my office hour (11-12:30 pm) Contact me for the actual demo time on Friday I will have a list which ask for the certain functions/tasks(and how many points they worth), and I will ask you to demo them to me. You need to have projects run correctly on the linux machines in ECI lab. Email me your codes with your short paper describing what you have done(in rar/tar format) before your demo time.

How projects are graded(cont) Late work is accepted for 10 points deducted. Programs will be worth 90% of the grading, and short term papers will be worth 10% of the grading. There will be extra credits for the 3rd project and also toward the end of the quarter. If you implement something cool for a particular project, show me during the demo and I might consider them for the extra credits as well ;)

Overall Project

Projects Overview Project 1: Applet Programming Project 2: Socket Programming Project 3: Remote Method Invocation Project 4: Java Database Connectivity Project 5: Java Servlets Project 6: Web Services

Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

What is XML? XML stands for Extensible Markup Language XML is a markup language like html XML was designed to describe data XML tags are not predefined; you must define your own tags

XML versus HTML XML is not a replacement for HTML XML and HTML were designed with different goals: XML: Describe the data and focus on what the data is HTML: Display the data and focus on how it looks HTML is about displaying information, while XML is about describing information XML DOES NOT do anything, since it was not designed to do anything XML was created to structure, store and send information.

Example XML file for project1 ?xml version '1.0' ? Doctor DoctorName Yung-Ting /DoctorName DoctorLastName Chuang /DoctorLastName Patients Patient PatientSSN 123-45-2355 /PatientSSN PatientFirstName Po-Yo /PatientFirstName Notes /Notes /Patient Patient PatientSSN 236-34-0292 /PatientSSN PatientFirstName Shu-Ha /PatientFirstName Notes Note Author Yung-Ting Chuang /Author Date 2011/3/24 /Date Content Has foot ingury /Content /Note /Notes /Patient /Patients /Doctor

XML versus HTML (continued) XML is free and extensible XML allows you to define your own tags and structure of XML documents. XML tags are not predefined; you must “invent” your own tags. The XML tags are not defined by the XML standard. In contrast, tags and the structure of HTML documents are predefined by the HTML standard. The author of an HTML document can use only tags that are predefined in the HTML standard, such as p , h1 , etc. It is most likely that XML will be used to describe the data, while HTML will be used to format and display the same data. We strongly believe that XML will be as important to the Web of the future as HTML has been to the Web of the past and that XML will be the most common format for data manipulation and transmission.

XML (continued) The first line of an XML file describes the XML version. We don’t need to worry about this, just assume it’s always ?xml version "1.0" encoding "ISO-8859-1"? XML elements have opening and closing tags XML tags are case-sensitive XML tags must be properly nested Example which XML is not properly nested: email to Yung-Ting Chuang /to from Professor Moser /from body message Your discussion notes need some work! /message signature --Professor Moser /body /signature XML attributes are optional parts of an opening tag. Example: user name ”Yung-Ting” major ”CE” TA /user

How to write XML in project1 In project1, when the doctor need to retrieve his/her patient information, we need to use the toXML() method to write the information in XML format. This method will be similar to the toString() method, but will return the String in XML format.

Example for Doctor code:

How to read XML in project1 We use import javax.xml.parsers and org.xml.sax packages to read XML data. Example: SAXParserFactory spf SAXParserFactory.newInstance() SAXParser sp spf.newSAXParser() We first create a parser object. We need to provide a parser for a HandlerBase object which has the following methods for us to overwrite: void startElement(String name, AttributeList list) void endElement(String name) When the parser recognizes a tag opening, it calls the startElement method of the handler and, similarly, the endElement for a tag closing. If there are attributes, this will be provided in the attribute list. For our project we don’t need this, we will just use the name parameter. In the startElement method, if the object name such as Patient, Note, orDoctor , we create an object for it and insert it into the vector. In the endElement method, we set the values of Objects. If it is the object name such as Patient, Note, Doctor we do not need to do anything about them. It is important that the tag names that you use when writing and when parsing are the same. Otherwise, you will have trouble reading what you have written.

Example of XMLParser reading XML file we had in slide 5: import org.xml.sax.*; import org.xml.sax.helpers.*; import javax.xml.parsers.*; public class XMLParser extends DefaultHandler { public Doctor doctor; private Patient patient; private Note note; private StringBuffer accumulator new StringBuffer(); // Buffer used during parsing public XMLParser() { doctor new Doctor(); } public void characters(char[] buffer, int start, int length) { accumulator.append(buffer, start, length); } //Each time a new tag is opened, this method is called public void startElement(String uri,String lname, String name, Attributes attributes) {

Example of XMLParser (continued): // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - // New Note starts if(name.equals ("Note")) { note new Note(); patient.addNote(note); } // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - // New Patient starts else if(name.equals ("Patient")) { patient new Patient(); patient later doctor.addPatient(patient); } // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - // Reset accumulator accumulator.setLength(0); } // we will set values of this later // add to patient // we will set values of // add to doctor

Example of XMLParser (continued): public void endElement(String uri,String lname,String name) { String value accumulator.toString(); // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - // Doctor information if(name.equals ("DoctorName")) doctor.name value; else if(name.equals ("DoctorLastName")) doctor.lastname value; // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - // Patient information else if(name.equalsIgnoreCase("PatientSSN")) patient.ssn value; else if(name.equalsIgnoreCase("PatientFirstName")) patient.name value; // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - // Note information else if(name.equalsIgnoreCase("Author")) note.author value; else if(name.equalsIgnoreCase("Date")) note.date value; } }

Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

Java Swing Java Swing is a useful set of tools for building simple graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that includes a number of basic control components JApplet JFrame JLabel JButton You must also know about two aspects of a GUI that add some complications Layout Managers: gives position the basic control components Event Listeners: tells your program when a user invokes one of the basic controls

Information about Swing To use swing, you need to do: import javax.swing.*; To find out more information about Swing, go to: http://www.apl.jhu.edu/ hall/java/SwingTutorial/ http://www.thejavatutorial.com http://java.sun.com (the definitive reference for API’s)

Swing Control Components Basic Compoments: a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) JApplet JFrame JButton JLabel JPanel JCheckbox JComboBox JList JMenu JScrollBar JTextArea JTextField There are more but these will do at present Please see handout for the complete example codes with above compoments (in this ppt, all the codes are in simplified version).

Example of Basic Controls

Example of Uneditable Information Displays

Example of Interactive Displays

Layout Managers BorderLayout – has five areas: “North”, “East”, “South”, “West”, “Center” FlowLayout – allocates controls from left to right, starting new lines when necessary. Controls are variable in size GridLayout – you define the number of columns Controls are allocated left to right, in as many rows as needed All controls are equal in size, e.g., for a Calculator

JApplet Component Content Pane A JApplet contains a content pane in which you can add components You can access the content pane using getContentPane() Layout Manager FlowLayout is the default layout manager for JApplet BorderLayout is the default layout manager for content pane

JApplet: Example Code import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class JAppletExample extends JApplet { public void init() { Container content getContentPane(); content.setBackground(Color.white); content.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); content.add(new JButton("Button 1")); content.add(new JButton("Button 2")); content.add(new JButton("Button 3")); } }

JApplet: Example Output

JFrame Component Content Pane JFrame uses content pane just as JApplet does Auto-Close Behavior JFrame close automatically when you click on Close button, but closing the last JFrame does not cause your program to exit the Java application (just hides the window) The “main” JFrame needs a WindowListener to call System.exit() (preferred) Or it can call setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT ON CLOSE)

JFrame: Example Code import java.awt.*; import javax.swing.*; public class JFrameExample { public static void main(String[] args) { JFrame f new JFrame(“This is a test”); f.setSize(400,150); Container content f.getContentPane(); content.setBackground(Color.white); content.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); content.add(new JButton(“Button 1”)); content.add(new JButton(“Button 2”)); content.add(new JButton(“Button 3”)); f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter { public void windowClosing(WindowEvent event) { System.exit(0); } }); f.setVisible(true); } }

JFrame: Example Output

Other Swing Control Components Please refer to the handout(Swing handout 1.2) for actual codes and try them out to see how it is displayed on your panel

Event Handlers When a user moves mouse or hits key, an event is generated. One or more listener objects can register to be notified about events of a particular kind from a particular event source (e.g., mouse or keyboard) The class (MyClass) must declare that it implements the ActionListener interface. Example: public class MyClass implements ActionListener { The event handler (MyClass) must register as a listener typically during initialization of the instance of the class. Example: somecomponent.addActionListener(instanceOfMyClass); Class (MyClass) must provide an implementation for the methods of the ActionListener interface. Example: public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // code that reacts to the action }

Beeper Action Listener Example public class Beeper implements Action Listener { // Declare that beepers are action event listeners JButton button new JButton(“Button”); bottomPanel.add(button); button.addActionListener(this); // This beeper registers as a listener on the button class // Beeper listens for the user to click the button public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // When the user clicks the button, // the beeper is invoked by the button // to perform the action, i.e., make a beep sound } }

Action Listeners In general, there will be more than one action event (button click) for which an instance of an object (this beeper) is listening The getSource() method for the ActionEvent returns the object (button) that generated the event On the previous slide, if the beeper was listening on more than one button public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (e.getSource() button) // then make a beep sound } You can also set a string on an action event (button click) button.setActionCommand(“Beep Button”) and subsequently retrieve it if (e.getActionCommand() “Beep Button”)

MouseListener Interface The MouseListener interface contains five methods: mousePressed mouseReleased mouseEntered mouseExited mouseClicked Even if you care only about mouse clicks, if your class directly implements MouseListener, you must implement all five MouseListener methods Methods for events you don’t care about can have empty bodies To avoid cluttering the code with empty methods, Swing provides adapter classes that implement empty versions of all of the interface’s methods MyClass extends MouseAdapter { someObject.addMouseListener(this); public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { // Event handler implementation goes here } }

Inner Classes Java does not support multiple inheritance MyClass can’t extend both Applet and MouseAdapter classes The solution is to define an inner class (a class within a class) that extends the MouseAdapter class

Inner Classes (continued) Example: MyClass extends Applet { someObject.addMouseListener(new MyAdapter()); . class MyAdapter extends MouseAdapter { public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { // Event handler implementation goes here } } } To make a local variable available to an inner class, save a copy of the variable as a final local variable

Possible GUI for Project 1 JTabbedPane Text area JLabel with ImageIcon

Possible GUI for Project 1(cont) JTextField JLabel JTextArea JButton

Possible GUI for Project 1 (cont) JButton JTextArea in a JScrollPane JList in a JScrollPane

Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

Applet Applets Tutorial http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/applet/ index.html Java Applet Code Your class should extend JApplet instead of JFrame (which you would use if you were creating a Java application instead of a Java Applet) Use init(), instead of a constructor, to initialize applet Use start(), instead of main, to start the execution of the applet Use stop() to stop the execution of the applet Use destroy() to removes the applet from the context of the appletviewer or browser You do not need to create an instance of your class in the main() function, because an instance of your applet class is automatically created when an applet is loaded in browser Use appletviewer tool to test your applet code. Example command: appletviewer -J-Djava.security.policy dist/java.policy dist/Doctor.html

Sample HTML File (which includes applet in it) HTML BODY APPLET code "ece155b.DoctorApplet" width 500 height 500 /APPLET /BODY HTML

Java Policy File (Important!) Use policytool to add policies in your .java.policy file http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/ technotes/guides/security/PolicyFiles.html Has details about applet security restrictions and setting policy For our project, we put java policy file on the same directory as your jar & html files

Sample Java policy file grant { permission java.io.FilePermission “ ALL FILES ”, “read, write, delete, execute”; }; grant { permission java.security.AllPermission; };

Instructor: Louise Moser TA: Yung-Ting Chuang Quarter: Spring 2012

Project IDEs Ant http://ant.apache.org/ Same as make file, more advanced and better handling. We will use to compile, deploy, execute and backup our projects. Netbeans http://www.netbeans.org/ Free Java development environment, which is/will be installed on ECI computers. Requires little effort to warm up with the IDE, will ease the programming task for you. Cygwin (optional. Recommend if you’re using windows) http://www.cygwin.com/ I would advise all windows users to install cygwin. Ant tool has linux and windows versions, it is not necessary to install cygwin.

Ant We will use ant to compile, organize, backup, and deploy class projects. A template for class projects will be provided and students will continue developing the actual project. Instead of writing shell commands, the configuration files are XML- based, calling out a target tree where various tasks get executed. Following is example ant script that has several targets: init: Create necessary directories clean: Clean unnecessary files (.class) compile: Compile java files jar: Create executable jar file run: Run the project Usage: ant targetname (Ex. ant run, ant compile)

Example of ant scripts in build.xml

Ant (continued) Dependency provides recursive execution of targets. For example, you do not need to type: ant init ant compile ant jar ant run Simply type: “ant run” will run previous commands if necessary since we have defined dependency to jar which has dependency on compile, etc. From class website, you will be given a build.xml file which will help you to start up with the project. I will demonstrate how to execute and run the project1 template later the discussion.

NetBeans NetBeans IDE is a free, open-source Integrated Development Environment for software developers. The IDE runs on many platforms including Windows, Linux, Solaris, and the MacOS. It is easy to install and use straight out of the box. The NetBeans IDE provides developers with all the tools they need to create professional cross-platform desktop, enterprise, web and mobile applications. Existing project wizards will help you to start with the new project.