IEEE NPEC SC2 Equipment Qualification Electromagnetic

IEEE NPEC SC2 Equipment Qualification Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance Type Test-Design Considerations- Installation and Mitigation Standard/Guidance EMI/EMC Daughter Standard to IEEE 323 Suresh Channarasappa Westinghouse Electric Company IEEE NPEC SC2 Meeting Clearwater Beach, FL May 2014 [email protected]

Discussion Points Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Background and History EMC Type Test EMC Type Test Requirements Requirements Comparison EMC Test Severity Comparison EMC Design Considerations and Installation Practices Site Survey Summary and Recommendations

Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromagnetic and radio frequency interference (EMI/RFI) are from sources external to the equipment, through the connecting cabling by capacitive or inductive coupling from the source or through a difference of potential between the respective earth references of local equipment and remotely connected equipment. EMI/RFI may also be generated by electrostatic discharges from the operators to panels, enclosures or cabinets, and by radiated electromagnetic fields which may be generated by two-way radios, cell phones, broadcasting and television stations, as well as radar stations. Surge Withstand Capability - AC and DC power supplies may be susceptible to power surge generated by lightning and various switching transients.

Background and History IEEE NPEC – IEEE 603-1998: Identified the need to address electromagnetic interference and provided general guidance to meet EMI/RFI compliance via design considerations and type testing in an informative annex. Specific standards that may be used to perform types were listed in the annex. IEEE 603-Draft:2007 – IEEE 603-2009: Revised and updated guidance provided in IEEE 603 -1998 – IEEE 323-2003: Identified EMI/RFI and power surges as normal and abnormal environmental conditions. EMI/RFI susceptibility may address type testing using recommendations provided in IEEE 603-1998 and IEEE 7-4.3.2-2003

EMC Type Tests Electromagnetic Compatibility – Emissions Type Tests Radiated Emissions Conducted Emissions – Susceptibility Type Tests Surge (Power Supply and I/O Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Electro Static Discharge (ESD) Power Supply Immunity Electrical Fast Transient/Burst (EFT/B) Conducted Immunity, etc

EMC-Type Test Requirements Industry and Regulatory Guidance Type Test Requirements – US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.180 Revision 1, 2003, “ Guidelines for Evaluating Electromagnetic and Radio-Frequency Interference in Safety-Related Instrumentation and Control System – EPRI 102323 Revision 3, 2004, “Guidelines for Electromagnetic Interference Testing of Power Plants” (Latest version: Revision 4) – IEC 62003:2009, Nuclear Power Plants – Instrumentation and control systems important to safety – Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility testing

EMC-Type Test Requirements Industry and Regulatory Guidance Type Test Requirements – EMC CE Mark Requirements European Union (EU) Directive on EMC – 89/336/EEC, as amended by 92/31/EEC and 93/68/EEC (New Directive 2004/108/EC) Testing based IEC 61000-4 series standards – EN 61326-3-1:2008: Electrical Equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC Requirements. Testing based IEC 61000-4 series standards

EMC-Type Test Requirements US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.180 Revision 1, 2003 Provides Guidance to Test Safety I&C equipment and nonsafety I&C equipment that may impact safety equipment Address both Emissions and Immunity of Equipment Recommends use of both Military and Commercial Standards Mixing of Military and Commercial Standards not permitted Specify acceptable test levels and limits (Low and Medium Exposure) Military Standard Recommended: – MIL-STD-461E for conducted and radiated emissions and susceptibility; – IEEE C62.41 and IEEE C62.45 or IEC 61000-4-4, IEC 61000-4-5 and IEC 61000-4-12 for Surge Withstand Capability

EMC-Type Test Requirements US NRC Regulatory Guide 1.180 Revision 1, 2003 (Continued) Commercial Standard Recommended: – IEC 61000-4 Series for conducted and radiated susceptibility – IEEE C62.41 and IEEE C62.45 or IEC 610004-4, IEC 61000-4-5 and IEC 61000-4-12 for Surge Withstand Capability – IEC 61000-6-4 (CISPR 11Class A) for Conducted and Radiated Emissions Limits (applicable with limitations)

EMC-Type Test Requirements EPRI 102323 Revision 3, 2004 Provides Guidance to Test Safety I&C equipment, I&C equipment important to power production and non-safety I&C equipment Address both Emissions and Immunity of Equipment Recommends use of both Military and Commercial Standards Mixing of Military and Commercial Standards is permitted Specify acceptable test levels and limits Military Standard Recommended: – MIL-STD-461E for conducted and radiated emissions and susceptibility; – IEEE C62.41 and IEEE C62.45 or IEC 61000-4-4, IEC 61000-4-5 and IEC 61000-4-12 for Surge Withstand Capability

EPRI EMC-Type Test Requirements 102323 Revision 3, 2004 (Continued) Commercial Standard Recommended: – IEC 61000-4 Series for conducted and radiated susceptibility – IEEE C62.41 and IEEE C62.45 or IEC 61000-4-4, IEC 61000-4-5 and IEC 61000-4-12 for Surge Withstand Capability – IEC 61000-6-4 (CISPR 11Class A) for Conducted and Radiated Emissions Limits (applicable with limitations)

EMC-Type Test Requirements IEC 62003:2009 IEC 62003:2009 Nuclear Power PlantsInstrumentation and Control important to safety-Requirements for electromagnetic compatibility testing – Susceptibility Tests Recommended Standards IEC 61000-42;3;4;5;6;8;9;10;11;12;13;14;16;28 – Emissions Tests Suggested guidance CISPR 11:2003

Requirement Comparison Regulatory Guide 1.180 Rev 1 EPRI 102323 Rev 3 IEC 62003:2009

EMC Test Severity Classification RG 1.180 Rev Low Exposure Medium Exposure 1 Equipment shall meet specified acceptance criteria EPRI 102323 Rev 3 Single Classification for Test Severity For example high frequency conducted susceptibility (same level for both power and signal cables) Performance Determine based on discussions with the end user IEC 62003:2009 Light EME; Middle EME; Harsh EME and Severe EME Specifies Functional Quality Criteria or Performance Criteria A, B and C for Acceptability

Test Severity ComparisonsApproximate Mapping RG 1.180 R1 (Emissions and Susceptibility) EPRI 102323 R3 (Emissions and Susceptibility) IEC 62003:2009 (Susceptibility) Light Electromagnetic Environment (EME) Low Exposure Medium Exposure Mixing and matching of standards not permitted Medium EME Specific Levels Based on Plant Measured Data. Equivalent to RG 1.180 Rev 1 medium exposure. Permits mixing and matching of standards (MIL and IEC) Harsh EME IEC 61000-4-xx permitted for susceptibility Informative Guidance for emissions

EMC Design Considerations and Installation Practices Shielded Enclosures. Shielded cable. Cable termination techniques. Proper grounding techniques. Separation or input filtering of analog, digital, and power wiring. EMI/RFI filtering of signal inputs and outputs. EMI/RFI filtering of incoming AC power. Inductive noise suppression devices on switching circuits including relay coils and solenoid. EMI/RFI resistant door gaskets. EMI/RFI shielding on cabinet entranceways.

Installation Practices (Continued) IEEE 1050-2004 IEEE 1050-2004, “IEEE Guide for Instrumentation and Control Equipment Grounding in Generating Stations.” – IEEE Std 1050-2004 addresses grounding and noiseminimization techniques for I&C systems in a generating station environment. This standard recommends practices for the treatment of both analog and digital systems that address the grounding and shielding of electronic circuits on the basis of minimizing emissions and their susceptibility to EMI/RFI and power surges. The standard is comprehensive in that it covers both the theoretical and practical aspects of grounding and electromagnetic compatibility.

Site Survey IEEE 473-1985-Reaff 1997 Recommended Practices for Electromagnetic Site Survey (10 KHz to 10GHz)(Withdrawn) EN 55011 Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) Electromagnetic disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurements CISPR 16 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods MIL STD 462 INT Notice 5 Measurement of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics

Summary and Recommendations EMC Compliance Guidelines for Nuclear Power Plants – Industry: EPRI 102323 and IEC 62003: 2009 – Regulatory: RG 1.180 R1 – Regulatory: CE Mark Treatment of Safety Electrical and Non-safety Electrical Equipment ?

Summary and Recommendations (Continued) Specific EMC Requirements and Testing Guidance for Nuclear Power Plant is currently not developed as part of IEEE Standards. IEEE Recommended Practices be developed to address EMC compliance for safety related equipment and non safety Related Equipment – An exploratory task group be formed to further investigate the need for a draft/trial standard and to develop a PAR from IEEE

Summary and Recommendations (Continued) SC2 Recommendations? Questions - - - Comments?