Focus Area 26: Substance Abuse Progress Review October 13, 2004

Focus Area 26: Substance Abuse Progress Review October 13, 2004

The Burden of Substance Abuse Substance abuse, including smoking, illegal drugs, and alcohol, costs our Nation more than 484 billion per year. Illicit drug use alone accounts for about 161 billion. Drug abuse is inextricably linked with adverse effects such as infectious diseases, crime, accidents, and teenage pregnancies. Approximately half of those suffering from a chronic alcohol or drug disorder also suffer from a chronic psychiatric disorder. Source: Excerpt from SAMHSA & NIH/NIDA congressional appropriations testimonies, 2004.

Substance Abuse Objectives 26-9 Substance-free youth 26-1 Motor vehicle crash deaths and Average age 1st use - Alcohol TBD TBD Average age 1st use Marijuana HS Sr. never using - Alcohol 26-10 Adolescent and adult use of HS Sr. never using – Illicit illicit drugs substances No alcohol/ illicit drugs in 30 days TBD Adolescents No marijuana TBD in 30 days Adolescents TBD No illicit drugs in 30 days 26-11 Binge drinking Adults In past 2 weeks - HS seniors injuries Alcohol-related deaths Alcohol-related injuries Drug-related deaths Drug-related injuries 26-2 Cirrhosis deaths 26-3 Drug induced deaths 26-4 Drug-related hospital ER visits 26-5 Alcohol-related hospital ER visitsTBD 26-6 Adolescents riding with a driver M 26-7 Alcoholdrug-related who hasand been drinking violence 26-8 Lost productivity M Target met Improving No change Getting worse In past 2 weeks - College students TBD In past month - Adults TBD In past month - Adolescents Cannot assess TBDTarget to be determined

Substance Abuse Objectives (cont.) 26-17 Perception of risk 26-12 Average annual alcohol consumption 26-13 Low-risk drinking among adults Females Males 26-14 Steroid use among adolescents 8th graders 10th graders 12th graders TBD 26-15 Inhalant use among adolescents 26-16 Disapproval – substance abuse TBD Consuming 5 alcoholic drinks Smoking marijuana once per TBD month TBD 26-18 Treatment gaponce for illicit drugs Using cocaine per month 26-19 Treatment in correctional institutions 26-20 Treatment for injection drug TBD use 26-21 Treatment gap for problem alcohol 26-22 Hospital use emergency department 26-23 Community referrals partnerships/coalitions 26-24 Administrative license revocation 1-2 drinks every day - 8th graders 1-2 drinks every day - 10th graders M laws 1-2 drinks every day - 12th 26-25 BAC levels for motor vehicle graders driversM th Marijuana once/twice - 8 M Target Getting Cannot TBDTarget to be gradersImproving No met change worse assess determined

Highlighted Objectives Adolescents 26-9d Youth free of illicit drugs 26-10b Adolescent use of marijuana 26-11a Binge drinking – 12th grade 26-14 grades Steroid use – 8th, 10th, and 12th 26-16c Disapproval of regular drinking 26-16f Disapproval of marijuana use

Use of Drugs & Marijuana and Disapproval of Marijuana: 12th Grade Percent 90 90 2010 Target: Disapproval of Marijuana 60 60 30 30 Disapproval of trying marijuana once or twice 0 1975 1979 1983 1987 Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 1991 1995 1999 2003 Objs. 26-9d & 26-16f

Use of Drugs & Marijuana and Disapproval of Marijuana: 12th Grade Percent 90 90 2010 Target: Disapproval of Marijuana 60 60 30 30 Disapproval of trying marijuana once or twice Ever used marijuana 0 1975 1979 1983 1987 Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 1991 1995 1999 2003 Objs. 26-9d & 26-16f

Use of Drugs & Marijuana and Disapproval of Marijuana: 12th Grade Percent 90 90 2010 Target: Disapproval of Marijuana 60 60 Ever used illicit drugs 30 30 2010 Target: Illicit drug use Disapproval of trying marijuana once or twice Ever used marijuana 0 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 te: Use of illicit drugs is the converse of Obj. 26-9d which tracks never using any illicit drugs. Objs. Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 2003 26-9d & 26-16f

Marijuana Use, 2002 & 2003: Ages 12-17 Years Percent 20 20 2002 15 15 10 10 55 00 Total America Asian n Indian Black White Hispanic Note: Adolescents reporting marijuana use in the past 30 days. SOURCE: National Survey on Drug Use & Health (NSDUH), SAMHSA. Female Male Obj. 26-10b

Marijuana Use, 2002 & 2003: Ages 12-17 Years Percent 20 20 2002 2003 15 15 10 10 55 00 Total America Asian n Indian Black White Hispanic Note: Adolescents reporting marijuana use in the past 30 days. SOURCE: National Survey on Drug Use & Health (NSDUH), SAMHSA. Female Male Obj. 26-10b

Illicit Steroid Use in the Past Year: 8th, 10th, and 12th Graders Percent 3.03 2 .5 2.5 2.02 1 .5 1.5 1.01 8th Grade 0 .5 .5 2010 Target 00 1991 1993 1995 Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 1997 1999 2001 2003 Objs. 26-14a, b, and c

Illicit Steroid Use in the Past Year: 8th, 10th, and 12th Graders Percent 3.03 2 .5 2.5 2.02 10th Grade 1 .5 1.5 1.01 8th Grade 0 .5 .5 2010 Target 00 1991 1993 1995 Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 1997 1999 2001 2003 Objs. 26-14a, b, and c

Illicit Steroid Use in the Past Year: 8th, 10th, and 12th Graders Percent 3.03 2 .5 2.5 2.02 10th Grade 12th Grade 1 .5 1.5 1.01 8th Grade 0 .5 .5 2010 Target 00 1991 1993 1995 Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 1997 1999 2001 2003 Objs. 26-14a, b, and c

Binge Drinking and Disapproval of Regular Drinking: 12th Grade Percent 90 9 0 2010 Target: Disapproval of regular drinking Disapproval of 1-2 drinks/day 60 60 30 30 00 1975 1979 1983 1987 Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 1991 1995 1999 2003 Objs. 26-11a & 26-16c

Binge Drinking and Disapproval of Regular Drinking: 12th Grade Percent 90 9 0 2010 Target: Disapproval of regular drinking Disapproval of 1-2 drinks/day 60 60 Binge Drinking 30 30 2010 Target: Binge drinking 00 1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 te: Binge drinking is defined as having 5 alcoholic drinks in a row during the past 2 weeks. Objs. Source: Monitoring the Future Study (MTF), NIH, NIDA. 2003 26-11a & 26-16c

Highlighted Objectives Adults 26-1a Motor vehicle crash deaths – Alcohol related 26-10c Use of illicit drugs 26-12 Average annual alcohol consumption 26-13 Low-risk drinking – Females and Males 26-24 Administrative license revocation (ALR) laws 26-25 Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels for motor vehicle drivers

Annual Per Capita Alcohol Consumption: Ages 14 Years and Over Gallons of Ethanol 2.5 2 .5 2 .4 2.4 2 .3 2.3 2 .2 2.2 2 .1 2.1 2 .0 2.0 1 .9 1.9 1 .8 1.8 1 .7 1.7 1 .6 1.6 1 .5 1.5 2010 Target 2.14 2.14 2.16 2.18 1997 1998 1999 2000 SOURCE: Alcohol Epidemiologic Data System (AEDS), NIH, NIAAA. Obj. 26-12

Guidelines for low-risk drinking are as follows: In a typical week — no more than 14 drinks (men) or no more than 7 drinks (women), On any day — no more than 4 drinks (men) or no more than 3 drinks (women) urce: Helping Patients With Alcohol Problems: A Health Practitioner’s Guide (NIAAA, 2004).

Drinkers Exceeding Guidelines for LowRisk Drinking, 2002: Ages 18 Years and Over Percent Male College Female 2010 Targets HS grad HS Hispanic White Black Hawaiia n Asian America n Indian Total 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 Note: Data are for current (in the past year) drinkers. SOURCE: National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, 40 60 80 Objs. 26-13a & b

Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities by BAC Level Per 100,000 population 12 12 10 10 BAC 0.00 (no alcohol) 88 66 44 22 00 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Note: BAC is the Blood Alcohol Concentration. Source: Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), Department of Transportation (DOT), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Obj. 26-1a

Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities by BAC Level Per 100,000 population 12 12 10 10 BAC 0.00 88 BAC 0.01 66 44 2010 Target: BAC 0.01 22 00 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Note: BAC is the Blood Alcohol Concentration. Alcohol-related motor vehicle fatal crashes relate to the death of either a driver or a nonmotorist that occurs within 30 days of the motor vehicle Source: crash. Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), Department of Transportation (DOT), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Obj. 26-1a

Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities by BAC Level Per 100,000 population 12 12 10 10 BAC 0.00 88 66 44 BAC 0.08 BAC 0.01 2010 Target: BAC 0.01 22 00 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Note: BAC is the Blood Alcohol Concentration. Alcohol-related motor vehicle fatal crashes relate to the death of either a driver or a nonmotorist that occurs within 30 days of the motor vehicle Source: crash. Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), Department of Transportation (DOT), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Obj. 26-1a

Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Fatalities by BAC Level Per 100,000 population 12 12 10 10 BAC 0.00 88 66 44 22 00 BAC 0.08 BAC 0.01 2010 Target: BAC 0.01 Change Since 1982 BAC 0.00: 15% BAC 0.01 : -47% BAC 0.08 : -48% Change Since 1998 BAC 0.00: -4% BAC 0.01 : -2% BAC 0.08 : -1% 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Note: BAC is the Blood Alcohol Concentration. Alcohol-related motor vehicle fatal crashes relate to the death of either a driver or a nonmotorist that occurs within 30 days of the motor vehicle Source: crash. Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), Department of Transportation (DOT), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Obj. 26-1a

Enactment of ALR and BAC Laws by States With laws States 51 2010 Target Without laws 51 2010 Target 45 51 41 41 41 41 41 41 34 28 16 17 0 1998 1999 2000 2001 2001 2002 ALR Laws 0 18 1998 19992000 2001200220032004 .08 BAC Per Se Laws urce: Department of Transportation (DOT), National Highway Traffic Safety AdministrationObj. (NHTSA). 26-24 & 26-25

Illicit Drug Use in the Past 30 Days, 2002 & 2003: Ages 18 Years and Over Percent 20 20 2002 15 15 10 10 55 00 Total America Asian Hawaiia Black n n Indian White Hispanic SOURCE: National Survey on Drug Use & Health (NSDUH), SAMHSA. Female Male Obj. 26-10c

Illicit Drug Use in the Past 30 Days, 2002 & 2003: Ages 18 Years and Over Percent 20 20 2002 2003 15 15 10 10 55 00 Total America Asian Hawaiia Black n n Indian White Hispanic SOURCE: National Survey on Drug Use & Health (NSDUH), SAMHSA. Female Male Obj. 26-10c

Primary Substance of Abuse at Treatment Admission, 2001: Ages Under 55 Years and Percent 55 Years and Over 1100 00 6 15 75 75 50 50 25 25 5 14 13 18 74 44 Primary Substance O th e r S tim u la n ts M a r i ju a n a C o c a in e O p ia te s A lc o h o l 00 Ages 55 Ages 55 Note: Admissions reported to TEDS from substance abuse treatment facilities receiving State alcohol and/or drug agency funds (including Federal Block Grant funds). SOURCE: Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) , SAMHSA.

Progress review data and slides can be found on the web at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hphome.htm