Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis A to E: An Overview

Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis A to E: An Overview Hepatitis Branch Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Viral Hepatitis - Historical Perspective “Infectious” Viral hepatitis “Serum” Enterically E transmitted A NANB B D F, G, ? other Parenterally C transmitted

Viral Hepatitis - Overview Type of Hepatitis A Source of virus Route of transmission Chronic infection Prevention B B C C D D E E feces blood/ blood/ blood/ blood-derived blood-derived blood-derived body fluids body fluids body fluids feces fecal-oral percutaneous percutaneous percutaneous permucosal permucosal permucosal fecal-oral no yes pre/postexposure immunization pre/postexposure immunization yes yes blood donor pre/postscreening; exposure risk behavior immunization; modification risk behavior modification no ensure safe drinking water

Acute Viral Hepatitis by Type, United States, 1982-1993 34% 47% 16% 3% Source: CDC Sentinel Counties Study on Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis Non-ABC

Estimates of Acute and Chronic Disease Burden for Viral Hepatitis, United States Acute infections (x 1000)/year* Fulminant deaths/year Chronic infections Chronic liver disease deaths/year HAV HBV HCV HDV 125-200 140-320 35-180 6-13 100 150 ? 35 0 1-1.25 million 3.5 million 70,000 0 5,000 8-10,000 1,000 * Range based on estimated annual incidence, 1984-1994.