A Software-Defined Approach for End-to-end IoT Networking M-K.

A Software-Defined Approach for End-to-end IoT Networking M-K. Shin, Y. Hong, ETRI {mkshin, yghong}@etri.re.kr C.Y. Ahn, Crewave Co., Ltd. [email protected] SDNRG Meeting@IETF91, Honolulu, Hawaii

Problem and Challenges Problems with end-to-end IP networking to resourceconstrained IoT devices Need adaptation and/or mapping functions for end-to-end global IP networking Manage a large number of devices with variety of IoT protocols Capability mismatch between devices MTU differences, simplified vs. full protocol stack (e.g., CoAP/UDP vs. HTTP/TCP), single stack vs. dual stack, processing and communications bandwidth, sleep schedule, security protocols, etc. Rapid interaction between services and infrastructure E.g., More agile communication (e.g., scale-in/out)

Variety of IoT Protocols Various Physical Layers WiFi, WiMAX, BLE, NFC, LTE, Application Layer Various 6LO Functions Application Layer System Layer Control Functions CoAP, DICE, ACE, . Transport Layer UDP Network Layer IPv4/IPv6 6LO Adaptation Layer Link Layer MAC Radio Transmission Physical Layer Wi-Fi WiMAX Bluetooth NFC LTE IPv6-over-foo adaptation layer using 6LoWPAN technologies (RFC4944, RFC6282, RFC6775 .) Constrained Application Protocol RFC 7252 CoAP and related mapping protocols Constrained Security Protocols DTLS In Constrained Environments (DICE, draft-ietf-dice-profile-05) Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments (ACE, Work-inProgress) Note that we will mainly focus on end-to-end networking to resourceconstrained nodes

6Lo Functions IPv6 over Networks of Resource-constrained Nodes (6Lo WG) IPv6-over-foo adaptation layer specifications using 6LoWPAN technologies (RFC4944, RFC6282, RFC6775 .) Transmission of IPv6 Packets over BLUETOOTH(R) Low Energy Transmission of IPv6 Packets over DECT Ultra Low Energy Transmission of IPv6 over MS/TP Networks Transmission of IPv6 packets over ITU-T G.9959 Networks Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 1901.2 Narrowband Powerline Communication Networks Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Near Field Communication

Our Approach SDN and NFV can solve those problems and challenges. IoT Infrastructure could be built by means of NFV with integration of SDN which makes it more agile. SDN and NFV will be enablers for new IoT Infrastructure. NFV SDN A Se gile Ch rvi ai ce ni ng In Ra te p ra id ct io n SDIoT : A Software-defined end-toend IoT infrastructure (including aka, IoT service chaining support) IoT Infrastructure

Two Basic Questions 1) How to relocate various IoT functions from HW appliances to VMs and make them connected or chained together ? 2) How to abstract IoT’s behaviors by SDN concept ?

1) How to relocate IoT GW functions ? IoT SDN (SW) Controls (SDN) Application Layer Application Layer System Layer UDP IPv4/IPv6 6LO Adaptation Layer MAC Radio Transmission Wi-Fi WiMAX Bluetooth NFC Control Functions CoAP-to-HTTP, DICE-to-TLS System Layer CoAP-to-HTTP, DICE-to-TLS UDP Virtualization & Relocation IoT VNF (SW) IPv6 6LO Adaptation Layer Virtualization Layer LTE MAC Radio Transmission Wi-Fi WiBro Bluetooth NFC LTE IoT Common GW (HW)

1) How to relocate IoT GW functions ? IoT SDN (SW) Controls (SDN) Application Layer Application Layer System Layer UDP IPv4/IPv6 6LO Adaptation Layer MAC Radio Transmission Wi-Fi WiMAX Bluetooth NFC Control Functions CoAP-to-HTTP, DICE-to-TLS System Layer CoAP-to-HTTP, DICE-to-TLS IoT VNF (SW) Virtualization Layer Virtualization & Relocation UDP IPv6 IoT Common GW (HW) 6lo adaptation layer LTE MAC Radio Transmission Wi-Fi WiBro Bluetooth NFC LTE

NFV IoT GW Functions Candidates IoT DPI functions L2 L3 IP mapping function for non-IP nodes 6LO functions (IPv6 Packets over WPAN, BT, Low Power Wi-Fi, NFC, etc. ) RFC4944, RFC6282, RFC6775, and Many other WG I-Ds (work-in-progresses) L4 L7 CoAP-HTTP protocols mapping draft-ietf-core-http-mapping DICE-TLS protocols mapping

DICE-to-TLS CoAP-to-HTTP 6Lo adaptation DP I Service Chaining Operation Example for E2E IoT Networking . SFC1 : DPI 6LO(WPAN) DICE/TLS SFC2 : DPI 6LO(NFC) CoAP/HTTP IPv6 Interface BLE, NFC Interfaces Io T nodes /w IP VNFs Io T GW Server

2) How to abstract IoT’s behaviors by SDN Concept ? Yang Data Properties and behaviors Modeling IoT-aware IoT-aware Services/ Services/ Applications/Stuff Applications/Stuff IoT IoT Controls Controls Abstraction & Separation Control Control Abstraction Abstraction Layer Layer Device Device Abstraction Abstraction Layer Layer IoT IoT Devices Devices IoT’s Control Plane Connectivity (Mesh, radio/wireless ) QoS Real-time Delay/Jiter Reliability (Verification) Sensing/actuaction Robustness Security .

Adding SDN Automation and Verification in NFV and IoT Infrastructure Network service Descriptions (High-level Programming /w Yang Modeling) NBAPIs SDN/NFV Controller Orchestrator (Yang Modeling) Verification Process for IoT Properties /Behaviors VNF2a VNF2b VNF1 VNF2c VNF3 VNF4a (Network/OpenStack Status/infos) VNF4b End Point Virtualization End Point (Symbolic Verification) IoT Infrastructure (Formal Language)

Our Development and Prototype SDN/NFV-enabled end-to-end IoT network services VNF2a VNF1 End Point SFC-1 VNF3 IPv6 over NFC functions draft-hong-6lo-ipv6-over-nfc VNF4 VNF5a VNF2b VNF5b SFC-2 OpenStack Controller/Orchestrator SDN Controller Yang Complier, Verification Tools OpenStack Agent SDN Switch End Point Intel Galileo board with Debian Linux OS Virtualization Layer compute memory storage network NFC Shield

Wrap-up SDN and NFV offer a new way to design, deploy and manage IoT end-to-end network services. SDN provides rapid interaction between services and infrastructure. NFV makes IoT service functions chaining more agile. Our challenge is that how to relocate various IoT functions to VMs on top of generic servers and abstract their behaviors by SDN. We are now developing a prototype, which is mainly focused on various 6LO functions chaining. We are also planning to propose a new (bar) BoF for I2NCN (Interface to Network of Constrained Nodes) at next IETF92 meeting.